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Pharmacological function

1. Antioxygenation

The structure of rosmarinic acid is linked to its antioxidant activity, and the free radical active substance is O-phenolic hydroxyl group, and the conjugated double bond at the C3 position has Synergistic function. The lipid peroxy group and the unsaturated fatty acid are finally combined through the heavy obstacles, in order to achieve the effect of stopping the series of reactions of lipid peroxidation, thereby changing the lipid peroxidation rate, allowing the rosmarinic acid to be completely oxidized to the ketone form; Preventing the production of neutrophil respiration and changing the intracellular calcium concentration finally achieves the effect of preventing lysosome escape.

2. Anti-inflammatory Activity

Rosmarinic acid has a significant inhibitory effect on nephritis. In 1991, Nattermann's company of Germany cited rosmarinic acid in a market with good development prospects. As a drug against inflammation, pain relief and detoxification, its mechanism of action is: A.Can effectively inhibit arachidonic acid metabolism 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX),; B. inhibits the synthesis of complement-dependent PGL2, and changes the activity of C3 transferase to varying degrees; C. can resist oxidation and Eliminate free radicals; D. retain histamine in mast cells.

3. Antibacterial Activity

According to most domestic and foreign researches, it is concluded that rosmarinic acid involves many medical functions, especially has a strong inhibition effective of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli quite strong. At the same time, it is also found that rosmarinic acid has been effective in inhibiting phytopathogenic fungi, and it has a strong inhibitory effect on Botrytis cinerea、Mango gray spot pathogen、Penicillium citrinum and Alternaria pyroxburghii. The thermal stability and low-temperature storage stability of rosmarinic acid are very strong; it can be inferred from the existing research literature that rosmarinic acid has universal antimicrobial activity, and further understanding of the biological activity of rosmarinic acid can effectively contribute to its medicine, pesticides and other aspects in development and utilization. Its antibacterial mechanism: A. It obviously accelerates the permeability of bacteria penetrating cell membrane, accelerates the leakage of carbohydrates and proteins, promotes the phenomenon of cell metabolism disorder, and then implicates the metabolism of bacterial proteins; B. At the same time, it can also change the replication of DNA by controlling the activity of DNA polymerase, which shows its bacteriostatic effect.

4. Antiplatelet Aggregation and Antithrombus Effect

It has been reported that the main component of the inhibition of the composition of MDA in human platelets is plant symphrtum, which reflects the antiplatelet aggregation activity of rosmarinic acid. According to later experiments, rosmarinic acid exhibits anti-thrombotic and anti-platelet aggregation. According to the in vivo test in rats, rosmarinic acid can block collagen-induced platelet aggregation (inhibition of malondialdehyde formation in platelets) and enhance plasma fibrinolytic activity, thereby exhibiting antithrombotic function.

Its antithrombotic mechanism may be related to the ability of rosmarinic acid to inhibit platelet aggregation and enhance plasma fibrinolytic activity.

5. Antiviral Activity

In 1996, the antiviral activity of rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, and chlorogenic acid was further explored. According to the test signs, it was found that both caffeic acid and rosmarinic acid significantly inhibited the activity of herpes simplex virus, but chlorogenic acid has essentially no such activity. In 1999, the activity tracking method was used to isolate rosmarinic acid from musk, and the activity of rosmarinic acid to inhibit HIV integrase was studied. Its IC50 value was 10 mg/ML. In 2001, reported that rosmarinic acid also inhibited the activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Its anti-viral mechanism: in addition to the inhibition of enzymes in some life cycles, it can also quickly connect with proteins in the outer shell of the virus, leading to virus inactivation.

6. Antidepressant Activity

After comparative experiments, it was concluded that rosmarinic acid extraction from perilla extract can be significantly shortened in the unstable phase of the forced mouse experiment. Its mechanism of action: an important cause of panic and depression is the release of histamine and NO in the human brain. Rosmarinic acid can retain histamine in mast cells, and caffeic acid can activate the adrenoceptor system and reject NO emissions. In the future, rosmarinic acid is very likely to become an antidepressant.

7.Other Activities

A. Anti-allergic activity. If the allergic reaction to the skin is significantly prevented, it is mostly decided to do so by improving cytokines, chemical factors, and allergen-specific antibodies. B. Liver protection. Rosmarinic acid can reduce the peroxide content in the liver, such as glutathione disulfide levels and lipid peroxide levels, and can promote the increase of glutamylcysteine in the liver, so it can be maintained Liver damage caused by oxides and lipid peroxidation. C. UV protection. Reduce the amount of free radicals caused by ultraviolet radiation, and reduce the damage of ultraviolet light to DNA. Protection of neuronal cells.

Conclusion

Rosmarinic acid is a particularly good antioxidant and is fully utilized in the food industry. Excellent performance in oils and oil-rich foods and pigments. Its no-side-effects alter the TBHQ, BHT, BHA, and other artificial antioxidants to avoid the side effects; and two to four times the preservative effect of BHA and BHT. Compared with other antioxidants, it has better performance in various oils and fats, has the more powerful anti-oxidation effect, higher solubility and stability, is structurally stable, is not easily decomposed, and can withstand temperatures of 190-240 degrees Celsius. Therefore, it can adapt to the process of baking food, making fried foods, and various drugs and cosmetics that must be produced at high temperatures, which solves the weakness that most natural antioxidants, such as VC,ve, tea polyphenols, will decompose when they encounter high temperature.

As a water-soluble antioxidant, rosmarinic acid has a strong ability to prevent decay and kill germs. Such preservatives can be used well in various industries, such as the food industry and other industries that are closely related to people's lives. Free radicals can cause a variety of diseases such as caducity, heart disease, arteriosclerosis, phlebitis, arthritis, allergies, Alzheimer's disease, coronary heart disease, and cancer. Rosmarinic acid has a very strong scavenging function, such as scavenging free radical activity and antioxidant activity, and its antioxidant activity is higher than VE.

Rosmarinic acid acts as an antioxidant, No addition has no side effects to humans, Scientists are preparing to use it for the treatment of various diseases caused by free radicals. They are also preparing to develop new drugs, which are available on the market and the optimism and attention of the people of all walks of life. However nowadays, rosmarinic acid cannot be produced in batches, and the newly developed drugs in the market are extremely expensive, making it impossible to use them in a wide range. How to get a batch, cheap rosemary acid product must be the core of future research and development.